Radiation Damping Induced Half-Frequency-Spaced Harmonic Peaks in Two-Dimensional J-Resolved NMR Spectrum on Liquid Water

Jian-Xin Guo; Xi-An Mao

doi:doi:10.1051/jp2:1996123

Issue		J. Phys. II France Volume 6, Number 8, August 1996


Page(s)		1183 - 1193
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1051/jp2:1996123

DOI: 10.1051/jp2:1996123
J. Phys. II France 6 (1996) 1183-1193

Radiation Damping Induced Half-Frequency-Spaced Harmonic Peaks in Two-Dimensional J-Resolved NMR Spectrum on Liquid Water

Jian-Xin Guo and Xi-An Mao

Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 71010, Wuhan 430071, China

(Received 8 January 1996, received in final form 18 March 1996, accepted 18 April 1996)

Abstract
In two-dimensional J-resolved NMR spectrum of radiation damped water with the simple pulse sequence of $\pi/2-t_1/2-\pi-t_1/2$ -FID, harmonic peaks spaced by half frequency can either appear or disappear in the indirectly detected dimension, depending on the number of t₁ increments and on the sensitivity of probe head. When the experiments are performed with a less sensitive probe having a poor Q factor, the harmonic peaks are hardly observable. The half frequency harmonic peaks observed with a tuned sensitive probe must be due to radiation damping. Theoretically, an inverted, strongly damped magnetization needs an infinitely long time to recover across the xy plane following the radiation damping pathway; while in experiments, it takes less than tens of milliseconds. Therefore, when t₁ is long enough compared to the radiation damping time $T_{\rm r}$ , the "echo" is not symmetric about the $\pi$ pulse with respect to the $\pi/2$ pulse, modulating the FID by a pair of angles $\theta$ and $\phi$ that are complicated functions of both t₁ and the frequency offset $\Delta\omega$ , and producing the harmonic peaks. If $t^{\rm max}_1$ is short, the radiation damping effects during t₁ are wiped out by the spin echo. Consequently, the harmonic peaks disappear. Experimental results have been exactly simulated based on the radiation damping line shape theory.